He aha ngā Ākena Hononga me tā rātou Mahi Taketake

 

 

He aha ngā Ākena Hononga me tā rātou Mahi Taketake

 

I roto i ngā ahumahi paninga, waituhi, me ngā piri, he maha ngā wā ka tūtaki koe ki ēnei wero: te tihorenga o ngā paninga i runga i ngā papa karāhe i muri i te kohua, te hekenga ohorere o te kaha piri i runga i ngā hua parahi, hiriwa rānei i muri i te koroheketanga wera, te marara koretake rānei ina tāpirihia ngā silane wai ki ngā paninga paura?
Ko ēnei take, e āhua nei he "kore hototahitanga o ngā rauemi," he maha ngā wā ka hoki ki tētahi tāpiri matua—te kaiāwhina hono. He tokomaha e kite ana he mea noa iho tēnei e "whakapai ake ana i ngā mea," engari me pēhea e "honohono" ai i te taumata ngota? Me pēhea te whiriwhiri mō ngā pūnaha rerekē, ā, he aha ngā mahanga huna i roto i tana tono?

 

Nā, he aha rawa te mea hekaihoko honongaHe "piriti ngota" te kaihopu ka taea te tauhohe ki ngā rōpū mahi mata i runga i ngā rauemi kore-waro (pēnei i ngā konganuku, te karāhe, ngā whakakī rānei) me te hanga hononga matū, hononga ngota rānei ki ngā pūmua waro (pēnei i ngā kapia, i ngā rapa rānei). Ko tana mahi matua he whakatau i te pakanga taketake o te "kore hototahitanga o te atanga kore-waro."

 

Whakamārama Taipitopito: Te Hoahoa "Mahi-Rua" o ngā Ākena Hononga

Hei mārama ki ngā kaihopu hononga, me mōhio tuatahi tātou ki ngā "hoariri" e arohia ana e rātou—te whakahē ā-roto i waenga i ngā rauemi kore-waro me ngā pūmua waro:

Ngā rauemi kore-waro (ngā konganuku, karāhe, tāru, muka karāhe, me ētahi atu): He tino pōraruraru, he nui te pūngao o te mata; he maha ngā wā kei ngā mata he rōpū hydroxyl (-OH) he orbital takoto kau rānei (hei tauira, ngā orbital-d i roto i ngā konganuku whakawhiti).

Ngā pūmua waro (ngā kapia epoxy, PU, ​​ngā kapia kiriaku, PP, me ētahi atu): He ngoikore te poro, he ngāwari ngā mekameka ngota ngota; ko te nuinga he hanganga kore-poro, he ngoikore rānei te poro, ka uaua ai te piri pumau ki ngā rauemi kore-waro.

Kua hangaia te hoahoa hanganga o ngā hononga kia "hopu i ngā pito e rua," me ngā pito "mahi-rua".

 

"Punga" Kotahi te Pito i te Wāhanga Kore-Pararopi: Te Hononga Matū ki ngā Mata Kore-Pararopi

Hei tauira, ko ngā kaihoko hononga silane e whakamahia whānuitia ana, ko ō rātou pito kore-waro he mea hanga mai i ngā rōpū alkoxy ka taea te waikura (-Si-OR, ko R te methyl, te ethyl, me ētahi atu):

Te waikura: I te aroaro o te wai, te makuku rānei, ka waikura te -Si-OR hei hanga i ngā rōpū silanol (-Si-OH).

Te Whakapūngao: Ka pāngia ngā rōpū silanol e te whakapūngao maroke me ngā rōpū hydroxyl i runga i te mata o te rauemi kore-waro (hei tauira, -Si-OH i runga i te karāhe, -M-OH i runga i ngā waikura whakarewa), ka hanga he hononga honohono kaha (-Si-O-Si- -Si-OM- rānei). Mā tēnei ka "whao" te kaihoko honohono ki te mata kore-waro.

Ka neke ake tēnei i ngā silane whakarewa-chelating: hei whakatika i te wero o te iti o te aroaro o ngā rōpū hydroxyl i runga i ngā mata pēnei i te parahi, te hiriwa, te nikara rānei, ka taea e ngā hanganga heterocyclic i roto i ō rātou ngota (kei roto ngā ngota pēnei i te hauota, te whanariki rānei) te hanga "hononga taunga" me ngā orbital whakarewa takoto kau. Ka taea e rātou te hanga "hanganga chelating" e rima, e ono rānei ngā mema pumau—he kaha ake ēnei hononga i ngā hononga covalent noa, ka hinga i te wero ahumahi o te piri ngoikore o ngā silane tuku iho ki ngā papa parahi.

 

Ko te Pito kē atu "Ka Whakauru" ki te Wāhanga Ora: Te Hononga Pūmau ki te Resin

Kei te pito rauropi o te kaihoko honohono ngā rōpū mahi kua hangaia hei tauhohe ki te kapia, kua whakaritea ki te momo kapia motuhake:

Ngā pūnaha epoxy: Mēnā he rōpū epoxy tā rātou, ka taea e rātou te whai wāhi tika ki te whakamaroke me te honohono i ngā kapia epoxy.

Ngā pūnaha UV: He hononga takirua ā rātou, ā, ka taea e rātou te tauhohe i raro i te mārama UV me ngā pūnaha rauropi kore utu, ngā pūnaha cationic rānei.

Ngā pūnaha PU: Me ngā rōpū amino, isocyanate rānei, ka taea e rātou te tauhohe ki te isocyanate (NCO) hei hanga hononga urea.

Ngā pūnaha kirihou wera (PP/PE): Mā te whakauru i ngā mekameka alkyl roa, ngā rōpū anhydride maleic rānei, ka honoa ki te kapia mā te hononga ngota (hei tauira, ngā kaihoko hononga titanate).

 

Kaihoko Hononga ≠ Kaihoroi ≠ Kaiwhakamarara

He maha ngā wā ka pōhēhētia ēnei momo tāpiri e toru, engari ko te rerekētanga matua kei roto i te hanga hononga matū rānei:

Kaiwhakamātao: Ka whakapai ake i te mākū o te mata mā roto i ngā rōpū hydrophilic-lipophilic; kāore he hononga matū e hangaia, ka ngāwari ai te heke me te pakaru.

Kaiwhakamarara: Ka ārai i te kohikohinga o ngā mea whakakī mā te pana i te utu, te aukati rānei i te pūmau; ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakawhirinaki ki ngā taunekeneke ā-tinana.

Kaihoko Hononga: Ka hanga hononga matū e hono ana i ngā wāhanga kore-waro me ngā wāhanga waro, ka mahi hei piriti ā-kanohi "tūturu". Ehara i te mea ka whakamarara noa i ngā whakakī engari ka whakarei ake hoki i te kaha me te roa o te hononga ā-kanohi.

Tirohiangā whārangi tukutukumō ētahi atu hua. Mō ētahi atu kōrero, tēnāwhakapā mai.